Respiratory illnesses, caused by bacteria or viruses, typically impact the lungs and throat. They spread easily through coughing, sneezing, or close contact. These illnesses are common during colder months when people spend more time indoors.

For some, getting sick means missing a few days of school or work. But for others, these illnesses can be very serious, especially for young children, older adults, and people with certain health conditions. 

We can all take steps to protect ourselves and our loved ones like getting vaccinated, practicing healthy habits, and knowing what to do if you get sick.

Prevention Steps for Everyone 

We all have a role to play in limiting the spread of germs and protecting our community:

  • Stay up to date with vaccines. Vaccines protect against serious illness. Even if you get sick, they can help make your illness milder and shorter.

  • Practice good hygiene. Wash your hands often, cover coughs and sneezes, and clean commonly touched surfaces.

  • Stay away home if you feel sick. Avoid close contact with others if you're not feeling well. 

  • Improve indoor air. Open windows for fresh air, use air purifiers, or gather outdoors when you can. 

  • Know your treatment options. Especially if you have health conditions that put you at higher risk, treatment can help lower your chance of getting very sick.

In can be helpful in certain settings or when illness activity is increasing to take extra measures:

  • Wear a mask if you or those around you are at higher risk, or if you’ve been exposed to someone who is sick.

  • Keep distance from other people in crowded or poorly ventilated spaces.

  • Get tested to help guide your next steps. 

Protecting People at Highest Risk

Anyone can get sick from a virus, but some people have risk factors that make it more likely to get very sick with a serious illness. This includes:

  • Young children, especially infants 

  • Pregnant people

  • Older adults (ages 65+)

  • People with certain medical conditions, like chronic lung disease, heart disease, diabetes

  • People with weakened immune systems

  • People with disabilities 

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Take Action if You're at Higher Risk

  • Get vaccinated against flu, COVID, and RSV if eligible. Aim for September or October for best protection.

  • Call your doctor right away if you feel sick. Treatment works best when started within a few days. 

  • Caregivers, family and friends: take everyday steps to protect your loved ones.

 Get more information (CDC)

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